The effect of zinc in the form of erythromycin-zinc complex (Zineryt lotion) and zinc acetate on metallothionein expression and distribution in hamster skin.

The occurrence of zinc-induced synthesis of metallothionein in skin after topical application of the anti-acne drug Zineryt lotion was investigated in hamster ears. The dinitrophenyl hapten-sandwich immunohistochemical method involving a monoclonal anti-metallothionein (MT) antibody (E9) was used to detect and localize zinc-binding MT in the 'treated' and untreated hamster skin. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry and dithizone histochemistry indicated that zinc penetrated the skin more readily, and accumulated more efficiently within the sebaceous glands, when applied to the skin surface as the organo-zinc complex, rather than as the inorganic zinc salt. MT and zinc had similar distributions in hamster skin exposed to the metal. Thus, MT immunoreactivity was especially intense in the sebaceous glands of Zineryt lotion-treated skin, with evidence of nuclear distribution in some cells. Zinc delivered to the sebaceous glands, and released from the organo-complex under the prevailing aqueous conditions, certainly induced MT synthesis; the cysteine-rich protein may protect the pilosebaceous units during the inflammatory phase of acne by scavenging generated oxyradical species.