Milman N, Kirchhoff M, Jørgensen T
Medicinsk-lungemedicinsk afdeling Y, Københavns Amts Sygehus i Gentofte.
Ugeskr Laeger. 1993 Nov 8;155(45):3661-5.
Iron status was assessed by measuring serum ferritin and haemoglobin in a population survey in Copenhagen County, comprising 1359 nonpregnant women in age cohorts of 30, 40, 50, and 60 years; 809 were premenopausal and 550 postmenopausal. Premenopausal women had lower serum ferritin (median 37 micrograms/l) than postmenopausal women (median 71 micrograms/l), p < 0.0001. Of premenopausal women, 17.7% had ferritin < 15 micrograms/l (depleted iron stores), and 23.1% had ferritin levels of 15-30 micrograms/l (small iron stores). Corresponding figures in postmenopausal women were 3.3% and 10.3%. Iron deficiency anaemia (ferritin < 15 micrograms/l and haemoglobin < 121 g/l) was observed in 2.6% of pre- and 0.36% of postmenopausal women. After menstruations had ceased, there was a steep rise in ferritin levels, being most pronounced during the first 7 postmenopausal years. Pre- and postmenopausal multipara had lower ferritin than nulli- and unipara (p < 0.04), indicating that pregnancy and childbirth had a long lasting reducing influence on iron stores. The use of oral hormonal contraceptives had a marked increasing effect on iron stores, being correlated to the number of years the women had been taking the pill.
在哥本哈根郡的一项人口调查中，通过测量血清铁蛋白和血红蛋白来评估铁状态，该调查涵盖了1359名年龄在30、40、50和60岁的未怀孕女性；其中809名是绝经前女性，550名是绝经后女性。绝经前女性的血清铁蛋白（中位数为37微克/升）低于绝经后女性（中位数为71微克/升），p<0.0001。在绝经前女性中，17.7%的女性铁蛋白<15微克/升（铁储备耗尽），23.1%的女性铁蛋白水平为15 - 30微克/升（铁储备较少）。绝经后女性的相应比例分别为3.3%和10.3%。缺铁性贫血（铁蛋白<15微克/升且血红蛋白<121克/升）在2.6%的绝经前女性和0.36%的绝经后女性中被观察到。月经停止后，铁蛋白水平急剧上升，在绝经后的前7年最为明显。绝经前和绝经后的经产妇铁蛋白水平低于初产妇和未产妇（p<0.04），表明怀孕和分娩对铁储备有长期的降低影响。口服激素避孕药对铁储备有显著的增加作用，这与女性服用避孕药的年限相关。
