Need A G, Durbridge T C, Nordin B E
Division of Clinical Chemistry, University of Adelaide, Australia.
Wien Med Wochenschr. 1993;143(14-15):392-5.
The anabolic steroids were first developed in the 1950's to provide the anabolic advantages of androgens with less androgenic action. They are widely used in the treatment of osteoporosis, although their effectiveness has only recently been demonstrated with the advent of bone densitometry. It is now established that their administration leads to a significant increase in bone mass in osteoporotic men and women associated with an apparent conversion of fat into muscle tissue. The bone gain is of the order of 3% per annum but the maximal effect is obtained in the first few months. The bone gain is probably due to stimulation of bone formation and is associated with elevation of serum albumin and fat-free skinfold thickness. The most serious side-effect with parenteral use is lowering of voice pitch but there is some evidence that oral anabolic steroids may adversely affect liver function. The optimum dose and duration of therapy has not yet been established.
合成代谢类固醇最初是在20世纪50年代开发出来的，目的是提供雄激素的合成代谢优势，同时减少雄激素作用。它们被广泛用于治疗骨质疏松症，不过直到骨密度测定法出现后，其有效性才得以证实。现在已经确定，对骨质疏松的男性和女性使用这些药物会导致骨量显著增加，同时伴有脂肪明显转化为肌肉组织的现象。每年的骨量增加约为3%，但在最初几个月就能获得最大效果。骨量增加可能是由于对骨形成的刺激，并且与血清白蛋白升高和无脂肪皮肤褶厚度增加有关。肠胃外使用最严重的副作用是音调降低，但有一些证据表明口服合成代谢类固醇可能会对肝功能产生不利影响。治疗的最佳剂量和疗程尚未确定。
