Otake Y, Miyao M, Ishihara S, Kashiwamata M, Kondo T, Sakakibara H, Yamada S
Department of Public Health, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan.
Tohoku J Exp Med. 1993 Jun;170(2):93-102. doi: 10.1620/tjem.170.93.
A high resolution optometer makes it possible to measure changes in refractive power objectively using reflected light from the fundus of the eye. There are limitations in that the subject has to see the target monocularly through a hole in the instrument. In the present study, we attempted to measure the accommodation and pupillary response with a newly developed device as a means to measure these factors in both binocular and natural viewing conditions. We compared the subjective accommodative amplitude levels obtained from the near-point distance with those of objective accommodative amplitude obtained in earlier studies using a monocular internal target. The amplitude of accommodation of the cases with binocular, natural viewing conditions was approximately 0.7 D larger than with monocular, internal target gazing. In previous studies, the difference between the subjective amplitude of accommodation and the results of the objective measurements, had been reported to be approximately 2 D, and was explained by the depth of focus. However, the difference between the subjective and objective amplitude of accommodation under binocular, natural viewing was smaller than that between the subjective and objective measurements (under monocular internal target gazing) from previous studies. This leads us to believe that besides the depth of the focus, we should consider the fact that the advantageous conditions inherent in binocular, natural viewing may increase the amplitude of accommodation. In the measurement of accommodative amplitude, the use of objective measuring methods are not affected by the subjects' subjective judgement.
高分辨率验光仪能够利用来自眼底的反射光客观地测量屈光力的变化。其局限性在于受试者必须通过仪器上的一个孔单眼观察目标。在本研究中，我们尝试使用一种新开发的设备来测量调节和瞳孔反应，以此作为在双眼和自然观看条件下测量这些因素的一种方法。我们将从近点距离获得的主观调节幅度水平与早期使用单眼内部目标进行研究时获得的客观调节幅度进行了比较。双眼自然观看条件下的调节幅度比单眼注视内部目标时大约大0.7D。在先前的研究中，主观调节幅度与客观测量结果之间的差异据报道约为2D，并被解释为焦深。然而，双眼自然观看条件下主观和客观调节幅度之间的差异小于先前研究中（单眼注视内部目标时）主观和客观测量之间的差异。这使我们相信，除了焦深之外，我们还应考虑到双眼自然观看固有的有利条件可能会增加调节幅度这一事实。在测量调节幅度时，客观测量方法的使用不受受试者主观判断的影响。
