Rugg-Gunn A J
Department of Child Dental Health, Dental School, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Community Dent Health. 1993 Sep;10 Suppl 2:47-56.
Nutrition and diet can affect teeth in three ways: by affecting the structure of teeth (and thus appearance), by causing dental caries and by eroding teeth. The importance of dietary sugars in causing dental caries is clearly established and a reduction in consumption of non-milk extrinsic sugars recommended by government. The Health Education Authority has played a major role in promoting this aspect of dietary advice. The structure of teeth is influenced by nutrition; much of the evidence for this being published by Mellanby and colleagues in this country. Interest in this topic has increased recently and it seems probable that malnutrition enhances susceptibility to dental caries, and possible that it increases susceptibility to enamel defects especially in areas with moderate to high levels of fluoride ingestion. The prevalence and severity of dental erosion is likely to be increasing in Britain. Preliminary studies indicated that fluoride helps to protect teeth against erosion, but more research is needed.
影响牙齿结构（进而影响外观）、导致龋齿以及侵蚀牙齿。膳食糖在引发龋齿方面的重要性已得到明确证实，政府建议减少非乳类外源性糖的摄入量。健康教育当局在推广这方面的饮食建议中发挥了主要作用。牙齿结构受营养影响；这方面的许多证据由梅兰比及其同事在本国发表。最近人们对这个话题的兴趣有所增加，营养不良似乎会增强患龋齿的易感性，并且有可能增加对牙釉质缺陷的易感性，尤其是在氟摄入量中等至高的地区。在英国，牙齿侵蚀的发生率和严重程度可能在上升。初步研究表明，氟有助于保护牙齿免受侵蚀，但还需要更多研究。
