Sørensen I J, Matzen L E
Odense Sygehus, geriatrisk afdeling Q.
Ugeskr Laeger. 1993 Nov 29;155(48):3921-4.
The distributions of sodium and potassium in the serum on admission, and the types of medicine used were studied retrospectively in hospitalized geriatric patients (n = 1418). Sodium concentrations below 130 mmol/l were found in 7.4% and potassium concentrations below 3.0 mmol/l in 5.0% of patients. Risk factors for low sodium concentrations were treatment with the combination of thiazide+amiloride, potassium-sparing diuretics, thiazides, emergency hospitalization and low body weight. Risk factors for low potassium concentrations were treatment with the combination of thiazide+amiloride, thiazides and female gender. On an average, patients were given two different drugs from specified groups both on admission and on discharge, but changes in medical treatment were often performed during the hospital stay. Prehospital treatment with thiazide diuretics and the combination of thiazide+amiloride was frequently withdrawn. 38% were given benzodiazepines on discharge. In 40.4% of these, treatment had been started during the hospital stay, most often on account of insomnia.
对1418例老年住院患者的血清钠和钾入院时分布情况以及所用药物类型进行了回顾性研究。7.4%的患者血清钠浓度低于130 mmol/l，5.0%的患者血清钾浓度低于3.0 mmol/l。低钠浓度的危险因素为噻嗪类+阿米洛利联合治疗、保钾利尿剂、噻嗪类、急诊住院和低体重。低钾浓度的危险因素为噻嗪类+阿米洛利联合治疗、噻嗪类和女性。平均而言，患者入院和出院时均使用了两种指定组别的不同药物，但住院期间经常会调整治疗方案。院前使用噻嗪类利尿剂和噻嗪类+阿米洛利联合治疗的情况经常停用。38%的患者出院时使用了苯二氮䓬类药物。其中40.4%的患者在住院期间开始用药，最常见的原因是失眠。
