Deweer B, Pillon B, Michon A, Dubois B
INSERM U 289, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 1993 Sep;15(5):789-804. doi: 10.1080/01688639308402596.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by severe explicit memory deficits and sparing of procedural learning. Most studies of skill learning in AD have been restricted to motor skills. This experiment was aimed at extending these studies to the domain of perceptual-verbal skills. Thirteen AD patients and 9 normal elderly controls were administered several explicit memory tests and a mirror reading paradigm with both unique and repeated word triads. In this last task, AD patients showed normal learning for unique word triads, that is, normal acquisition of the skill. Moreover, they benefitted from repeated triads to the same extent as did normal controls, although they were impaired in discriminating these repeated words from distractors at later recognition. These data demonstrate that patients with AD: (a) are able to learn and retain a perceptual-verbal skill at a normal rate; (b) can learn item-specific information (repeated triads) at a normal rate, even though their explicit memory is severely impaired. It is hypothesized that learning of item-specific information relies on repetition priming effects rather than on explicit memory processes.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）的特征是严重的外显记忆缺陷，而程序性学习则未受影响。大多数关于AD患者技能学习的研究都局限于运动技能。本实验旨在将这些研究扩展到感知语言技能领域。对13名AD患者和9名正常老年对照者进行了多项外显记忆测试以及一项使用独特和重复单词三元组的镜像阅读范式测试。在最后这项任务中，AD患者对独特单词三元组表现出正常的学习能力，即技能的正常习得。此外，尽管他们在后续识别中将这些重复单词与干扰项区分开来时存在障碍，但他们从重复三元组中受益的程度与正常对照组相同。这些数据表明，AD患者：（a）能够以正常速度学习和保留感知语言技能；（b）即使其外显记忆严重受损，也能以正常速度学习特定项目信息（重复三元组）。据推测，特定项目信息的学习依赖于重复启动效应而非外显记忆过程。
