Cellerino R, Graziano F, Piga A, Ghetti V
University of Ancona, Italy.
Ann Oncol. 1993 Nov;4(9):717-21. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.annonc.a058654.
Oncologists, health care workers and health organizations consider well-performed teaching programs in clinical oncology a fundamental step in cancer control. The aim of our study was to assess the views of teachers and students on the present status of oncology teaching in Italian medical schools and on the most common shortcomings in cancer education.
A survey was carried out among teachers and students of 17 Italian medical schools using two different questionnaires. Six hundred forty-seven students of Northern, Central and Southern Italy in the final two years (5th and 6th) of their medical curriculum and 87 professors of pathology, surgery, internal medicine and medical oncology completed the questionnaires.
Doctor/patient relationships and integration among disciplines were the most unsatisfactory aspects of oncology teaching, according to students. Biology, epidemiology, radiotherapy, and medical treatment were felt to be insufficiently treated, whilst diagnostic aspects, clinical management and surgery were rated sufficient. The median number of cancer patients to whom each student had access during his/her training was limited, averaging only 13 patients; however, a high degree of variability was noted. A larger number of patients was generally observed in smaller, less crowded medical schools, with notable exceptions. Although the majority of teachers had clinical practices related to their disciplines, only a small number of students underwent a period of clinical training. Traditional methods of teaching were preferred to innovative methods, while interaction among disciplines was uncommon.
This survey emphasizes the dualism between students' expectations and teachers' ideas about cancer teaching. Doctor/patient relationships and poor attention to practical clinical problems seem the most critical issues for clinical oncology training in Italian medical schools.
肿瘤学家、医护人员和卫生组织认为，临床肿瘤学中开展良好的教学项目是癌症控制的基本步骤。我们研究的目的是评估教师和学生对意大利医学院校肿瘤学教学现状以及癌症教育中最常见不足的看法。
使用两份不同的问卷对17所意大利医学院校的教师和学生进行了调查。意大利北部、中部和南部647名处于医学课程最后两年（第5年和第6年）的学生以及87名病理学、外科、内科和肿瘤内科教授完成了问卷。
根据学生的反馈，医患关系和学科间整合是肿瘤学教学中最不尽如人意的方面。学生们认为生物学、流行病学、放射治疗和医学治疗方面的教学不足，而诊断方面、临床管理和外科的教学被认为足够。每位学生在培训期间接触到的癌症患者中位数有限，平均只有13名患者；然而，存在很大的差异。一般来说，在规模较小、不太拥挤的医学院校观察到的患者数量较多，但也有明显的例外情况。虽然大多数教师有与其学科相关的临床实践，但只有少数学生接受了临床培训阶段。传统教学方法比创新方法更受青睐，而学科间的互动并不常见。
本次调查强调了学生期望与教师关于癌症教学理念之间的二元性。医患关系以及对实际临床问题的关注不足似乎是意大利医学院校临床肿瘤学培训中最关键的问题。
