Teferedegn B, Larson C P, Carlson D
Addis Ababa Health Bureau, Ethiopia.
Int J Epidemiol. 1993 Oct;22(5):917-22. doi: 10.1093/ije/22.5.917.
A field trial of the relative efficacy of three oral rehydration therapies (ORT) in the treatment of acute childhood diarrhoea in children < 5 years old was carried out in a rural Ethiopian district. The three ORT were 1) pre-packaged glucose and salt solution (GORS; n = 153), 2) home-made cereal added to pre-packaged salt solution (CBORS; n = 154), and 3) entirely home-made cereal-based and salt therapy (CBORT; n = 156). Out of 127 eligible peasant associations, 18 were randomly selected, and groups of six were then randomly assigned to receive one of the three treatment options. In infants aged 0-12 months, after adjusting for baseline weight and diarrhoea frequency, CBORT was found to be superior (P < 0.01) to GORS and CBORS in terms of weight gain at 24, 48, and 96 hours. There were no significant between-group differences in weight gain in children > 12 months old. Over the 96-hour duration of follow-up, mothers' compliance was significantly better among those giving CBORT when compared to CBORS (P < 0.001) or GORS (P < 0.013). The results of this field trial indicate that CBORT is an efficacious alternative to GORS or CBORS in the treatment of acute childhood diarrhoea in rural community settings. Larger scale, effectiveness studies are recommended.
在埃塞俄比亚一个农村地区，针对三种口服补液疗法（ORT）治疗5岁以下儿童急性腹泻的相对疗效进行了一项现场试验。这三种ORT分别为：1）预包装葡萄糖盐溶液（GORS；n = 153），2）在预包装盐溶液中添加自制谷物（CBORS；n = 154），以及3）完全自制的谷物盐疗法（CBORT；n = 156）。在127个符合条件的农民协会中，随机选取了18个，然后将每组六人随机分配接受三种治疗方案之一。在0至12个月大的婴儿中，在调整基线体重和腹泻频率后，发现CBORT在24、48和96小时的体重增加方面优于GORS和CBORS（P < 0.01）。12个月以上儿童的体重增加在组间无显著差异。在96小时的随访期间，与CBORS（P < 0.001）或GORS（P < 0.013）相比，给予CBORT的母亲的依从性明显更好。这项现场试验的结果表明，在农村社区环境中治疗儿童急性腹泻时，CBORT是GORS或CBORS的有效替代方案。建议进行更大规模的有效性研究。
