19个国家的产前诊断与性别选择

Prenatal diagnosis and sex selection in 19 nations.

作者信息

Wertz D C, Fletcher J C

机构信息

Shriver Center for Mental Retardation, Division of Social Science, Ethics and Law, Waltham, MA 02254.

出版信息

Soc Sci Med. 1993 Dec;37(11):1359-66. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(93)90166-2.

DOI:10.1016/0277-9536(93)90166-2

PMID:8284703

Abstract

As part of a study of ethics and human genetics in 19 nations, we surveyed attitudes of 71 medical geneticists in 4 developing nations (Brazil, Greece, India and Turkey), and 611 geneticists in 15 developed nations, using anonymous questionnaires. Overall, 52% in India, 30% in Brazil, 29% in Greece, and 20% in Turkey would perform prenatal diagnosis to select a male fetus for a couple with 4 daughters and no sons. Sex selection is the major use of prenatal diagnosis in India. The majority in the U.S.A. (62%) and Hungary (60%) would also do sex selection or refer. We discuss possible means of preventing sex selection while avoiding medical paternalism and promoting the autonomy of women.

摘要

作为一项针对19个国家的伦理与人类遗传学研究的一部分，我们使用匿名问卷，对4个发展中国家（巴西、希腊、印度和土耳其）的71位医学遗传学家以及15个发达国家的611位遗传学家的态度进行了调查。总体而言，印度52%、巴西30%、希腊29%以及土耳其20%的遗传学家会为已有4个女儿而无儿子的夫妇进行产前诊断以选择男性胎儿。性别选择是印度产前诊断的主要用途。美国（62%）和匈牙利（60%）的大多数遗传学家也会进行性别选择或提供相关咨询。我们讨论了在避免医疗家长主义并促进女性自主权的同时，预防性别选择的可能方法。