Williams A F, Franklin J
University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030.
Tex Med. 1993 Nov;89(11):56-60.
The costs attributable to smoking in Texas continue to rise. The most recent estimates show more than $4 billion in 1990 can be associated with the direct health-care costs from treatments for disease and the indirect costs associated with mortality and morbidity. The breakdown of these estimates for adults 35 years and older shows 61% of the total costs was due to premature death caused by smoking, 29% due to direct health-care costs, and 9% attributable to indirect morbidity costs, which indicate lost wages caused by smoking-related illness. The 1990 smoking-attributable deaths estimated at 24,600 far exceed the accumulated deaths, 9430 in 1991, caused by auto accidents, homicide, AIDS, alcohol, fires, cocaine, crack, heroin, and morphine. The estimates are prepared by The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Office of the Vice President for Health Policy for the Office of Smoking and Health, Bureau of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Texas Department of Health.
德克萨斯州因吸烟产生的成本持续上升。最新估计表明，1990年超过40亿美元与疾病治疗的直接医疗成本以及与死亡率和发病率相关的间接成本有关。对35岁及以上成年人的这些估计细分显示，总成本的61% 归因于吸烟导致的过早死亡，29% 归因于直接医疗成本，9% 归因于间接发病成本，即吸烟相关疾病导致的工资损失。1990年估计因吸烟导致的死亡人数为24,600人，远远超过了1991年因汽车事故、杀人、艾滋病、酒精、火灾、可卡因、快克、海洛因和吗啡导致的累计死亡人数9430人。这些估计由德克萨斯大学MD安德森癌症中心健康政策副校长办公室为德克萨斯州卫生部慢性病预防与控制局吸烟与健康办公室编制。
