A method of evaluating efficiency in the operating room.

A scientific four-step approach to evaluating efficiency in the operating room (OR) is described. These steps include identification of sequential work activities (SWAs) that are critical to the timely progression of surgical cases through the OR, identification of a time standard for completion of SWAs, direct observations of the amount of time required for completion of SWAs, and analysis of results. Two strategies to improve OR efficiency are described. Intergroup strategies require coordination of work among various specialty groups involved with the progress of cases through the OR. Interpersonal strategies necessitate coordination of work between two or more people within the same specialty group.