Lerman-Garber I, Sepúlveda-Amor J A, Tapia-Conyer R, Magos-López C, Cardoso-Saldaña G, Zamora-González J, Salvatierra-Izaba B, Posadas-Romero C
Departmento de Endocrinología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico.
Atherosclerosis. 1993 Nov;103(2):195-203. doi: 10.1016/0021-9150(93)90262-s.
In Mexico, the incidence and prevalence of coronary heart disease has increased over the past three decades and has become the leading cause of death in some areas of the country. Hypercholesterolemia (HC) is a major risk factor for coronary atherosclerosis and most developed countries currently have public health strategies that attempt to reduce the level of cholesterol. In order to learn the mean total cholesterol values and the prevalence of HC, an epidemiologic survey was carried out in a representative population sample that included men and women aged 1 to 98 years, across the nation. In this report, we present the findings in children and teenagers of both sexes (n = 34369). Considering the country as a whole, the mean serum TC was 147 +/- 35 mg/dl, the prevalence of borderline hypercholesterolemia (TC between 170 and 199 mg/dl) was 14.7% and the prevalence of high risk hypercholesterolemia (TC > or = 200 mg/dl) was 6.7%. This cross sectional study demonstrated the existence of significant geographic differences in serum TC, with mean state values ranging from 133 mg/dl in the south to 164 mg/dl in the north. The prevalences of high risk hypercholesterolemia was as high as 18.2% in Baja California Norte and as low as 2.5% in the state of Morelos. These geographic differences in total cholesterol and prevalence of hypercholesterolemia were already present at one year of age and persisted throughout childhood and adolescence.
在墨西哥，冠心病的发病率和患病率在过去三十年中有所上升，并已成为该国某些地区的主要死因。高胆固醇血症（HC）是冠状动脉粥样硬化的主要危险因素，目前大多数发达国家都有旨在降低胆固醇水平的公共卫生策略。为了了解总胆固醇的平均水平和HC的患病率，在全国范围内对包括1至98岁男性和女性的代表性人群样本进行了一项流行病学调查。在本报告中，我们展示了两性儿童和青少年（n = 34369）的调查结果。从全国范围来看，血清总胆固醇（TC）平均为147 +/- 35毫克/分升，临界高胆固醇血症（TC在170至199毫克/分升之间）的患病率为14.7%，高危高胆固醇血症（TC≥200毫克/分升）的患病率为6.7%。这项横断面研究表明血清TC存在显著的地理差异，各州的平均水平从南部的133毫克/分升至北部的164毫克/分升不等。高危高胆固醇血症的患病率在北下加利福尼亚高达18.2%，在莫雷洛斯州低至2.5%。总胆固醇和高胆固醇血症患病率的这些地理差异在一岁时就已存在，并在整个儿童期和青春期持续存在。
