Posadas-Romero C, Tapia-Conyer R, Lerman-Garber I, Zamora-González J, Cardoso-Saldaña G, Salvatierra-Izaba B, Sepúlveda-Amor J A
Departamento de Endocrinologia, Instituto, Nacional de Cardiologia, Ignacio Chàvez, Mexico City, Mexico.
Atherosclerosis. 1995 Dec;118(2):275-84. doi: 10.1016/0021-9150(95)05615-7.
In Mexico, the incidence and prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) has increased over the past three decades and has become the leading cause of death in the country. Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for coronary atherosclerosis and most developed countries currently have public health strategies that attempt to reduce the level of cholesterol. In order to determine the mean total cholesterol values and the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, an epidemiologic survey was carried out in a representative national population sample that included men and women aged 1 to 98 years. In this report, we present the findings in all individuals older than 20 years (n = 33,558). Considering the country as a whole, the mean serum total cholesterol (TC) was 4.80 +/- 1.16 mmol/l, the prevalence of borderline hypercholesterolemia (TC between 5.17 and 6.20 mmol/l) was 22.8% and the prevalence of high risk hypercholesterolemia (TC > or = 6.20 mmol/l) was 10.6%. This cross sectional study demonstrated the existence of significant geographic differences in serum TC, with mean state values ranging from 4.43 +/- 1.05 mmol/l in the south to 5.48 +/- 1.36 mmol/l in the north. The prevalence of high risk hypercholesterolemia was as high as 24.8% in Baja California Norte and as low as 4.0% in the state of Guerrero. These large differences in mean TC values are probably diet related and reinforce the need to carry out prospective and intervention trials related to CHD and its risk factors.
在墨西哥，冠心病（CHD）的发病率和患病率在过去三十年中有所上升，并已成为该国的主要死因。高胆固醇血症是冠状动脉粥样硬化的主要危险因素，目前大多数发达国家都有旨在降低胆固醇水平的公共卫生策略。为了确定总胆固醇均值和高胆固醇血症的患病率，在一个具有代表性的全国人口样本中开展了一项流行病学调查，该样本包括1至98岁的男性和女性。在本报告中，我们呈现了所有20岁以上个体（n = 33,558）的研究结果。从全国整体来看，血清总胆固醇（TC）均值为4.80 +/- 1.16 mmol/l，临界高胆固醇血症（TC在5.17至6.20 mmol/l之间）的患病率为22.8%，高危高胆固醇血症（TC≥6.20 mmol/l）的患病率为10.6%。这项横断面研究表明血清TC存在显著的地理差异，各州均值范围从南部的4.43 +/- 1.05 mmol/l到北部的5.48 +/- 1.36 mmol/l。高危高胆固醇血症的患病率在北下加利福尼亚高达24.8%，在格雷罗州低至4.0%。这些TC均值的巨大差异可能与饮食有关，并强化了开展与冠心病及其危险因素相关的前瞻性和干预试验的必要性。
