Hong Y P, Kim S J, Kwon D W, Chang S C, Lew W J, Han Y C
Korean National Tuberculosis Association, Seoul.
Tuber Lung Dis. 1993 Oct;74(5):323-31. doi: 10.1016/0962-8479(93)90107-9.
Nationwide random sample survey for tuberculosis in 1990.
To investigate the prevalence of tuberculosis infection, morbidity and drug resistance and BCG coverage, and to compare the findings with those of the previous 5 surveys.
The following investigations were performed: tuberculin test, BCG scar screening, chest miniature radiography (70 mm x 70 mm) for those aged over 5 years, sputum direct smear, culture and drug susceptibility test, and a questionnaire to obtain history of chemotherapy and symptoms.
The coverage of the investigation has been of more than 95% in each survey. The main findings are as follows: BCG coverage of those aged under 30 and of infants (aged under 1 year) has increased from 24% to 86% and from 1% to 79% respectively. The observed tuberculin positivity (> or = 10 mm in diameter) of subjects aged under 30 has decreased from 45% to 27%. The reduction of positivity was significant in children aged 5-9 years, from 34% to 8%. The annual risk of infection has dropped by over 6% annually. The prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis per 100,000 has decreased: direct smear-positive from 690-143, smear and/or culture positive from 940-241 and active cases from 5065-1842 respectively. The drug resistance rate had increased to the peak of 47% in 1980, but had decreased to 27% in the last survey.
The tuberculosis situation has improved significantly in every aspect in the last 25 years.
1990年全国结核病随机抽样调查。
调查结核病感染率、发病率、耐药性及卡介苗接种覆盖率，并与此前5次调查结果进行比较。
进行了以下调查：结核菌素试验、卡介苗疤痕筛查、对5岁以上人群进行胸部微型X线摄影（70mm×70mm）、痰直接涂片、培养及药敏试验，以及通过问卷调查获取化疗史和症状。
每次调查的覆盖率均超过95%。主要结果如下：30岁以下人群及婴儿（1岁以下）的卡介苗接种覆盖率分别从24%升至86%、从1%升至79%。30岁以下人群结核菌素试验阳性率（直径≥10mm）从45%降至27%。5至9岁儿童的阳性率下降显著，从34%降至8%。年感染风险每年下降超过6%。每10万人中肺结核患病率下降：痰涂片阳性从690降至143，痰涂片和/或培养阳性从940降至241，活动性病例从5065降至1842。耐药率在1980年升至47%的峰值，但在最近一次调查中降至27%。
在过去25年里，结核病状况在各个方面均有显著改善。
