Rende R D, Plomin R, Reiss D, Hetherington E M
New York State Psychiatric Institute, Unit 14, NY 10032.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1993 Nov;34(8):1387-98. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1993.tb02097.x.
The purpose of the current investigation was to compare the genetic and environmental influences on individual differences in depressive symptomatology (as assessed using the Children's Depression Inventory) to such influences on extreme scores in an unselected sample of adolescents. The sample included 707 pairs of siblings (average ages 14.5 and 12.9 years, respectively) participating in a combined twin- and step-family study. Moderate genetic influence was found for the full range of individual differences in depression; in contrast, there was nonsignificant genetic influence, and significant shared environmental influence, on extreme scores. The results were interpreted using a risk model in which familial influences specific to the high end of the distribution contribute to depressive symptomatology in adolescence.
当前调查的目的是比较基因和环境对抑郁症状个体差异（使用儿童抑郁量表评估）的影响，以及对未经过挑选的青少年样本中的极端分数的影响。样本包括707对兄弟姐妹（平均年龄分别为14.5岁和12.9岁），他们参与了一项双胞胎与继亲家庭的联合研究。研究发现，抑郁个体差异的全范围存在中等程度的基因影响；相比之下，极端分数方面不存在显著的基因影响，但存在显著的共同环境影响。研究结果采用风险模型来解释：分布高端特有的家族影响会导致青少年出现抑郁症状。
