Gatz M, Pedersen N L, Plomin R, Nesselroade J R, McClearn G E
Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089-1061.
J Abnorm Psychol. 1992 Nov;101(4):701-8. doi: 10.1037//0021-843x.101.4.701.
The Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale was administered to 68 identical and 161 fraternal twin pairs reared apart and 114 identical and 138 fraternal pairs reared together to ascertain relative genetic and environmental contributions to individual differences in self-reported depressive symptoms. Intraclass correlations and model fitting indicated that genetic influences explained 16% of the variance in total depression scores and 19% for the Psychomotor Retardation and Somatic Complaints subscale, but heritability was minimal for the Depressed Mood and Well-Being subscales. Influence of family rearing context played a substantial role in explaining twin similarity, whereas unique life experiences accounted for the greatest proportion of variance. Significant age group differences were observed, with heritability greater in twins of 60 years of age or older than in twins under 60, especially for Psychomotor Retardation.
对68对分开抚养的同卵双胞胎和161对分开抚养的异卵双胞胎以及114对共同抚养的同卵双胞胎和138对共同抚养的异卵双胞胎进行了流行病学研究抑郁量表测试，以确定相对遗传因素和环境因素对自我报告的抑郁症状个体差异的影响。组内相关性和模型拟合表明，遗传影响解释了总抑郁得分中16%的方差，以及精神运动迟缓与躯体主诉子量表中19%的方差，但抑郁情绪和幸福感子量表的遗传率极小。家庭抚养环境的影响在解释双胞胎相似性方面发挥了重要作用，而独特的生活经历占方差的比例最大。观察到显著的年龄组差异，60岁及以上双胞胎的遗传率高于60岁以下的双胞胎，尤其是在精神运动迟缓方面。
