Hedberg G E, Jacobsson K A, Janlert U, Langendoen S
Division of Applied Work Physiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Umeå, Sweden.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 1993 Oct;19(5):326-33. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.1467.
Possible risk indicators of ischemic heart disease relevant to the occupation of professional driving were identified in a cohort of 440 professional drivers and 1000 referents from the Swedish countries of Västerbotten and Norrbotten. The subjects were randomly selected. Data on cardiovascular risk indicators were collected from questionnaires, blood pressure measurements, serum lipid levels, height, and weight. The results showed that significantly more drivers than referents were overweight, smokers, and shift workers; were sedentary in their leisure time; and had a work situation characterized by high demands, low decision latitude, and low social support. There were no significant differences concerning blood pressure and serum lipid levels. The odds ratio for having a high score on a cardiovascular risk index was 3.18 (95% confidence interval 2.41-4.20) for the drivers when they were compared with the referents. When adjusted for age, heredity, shift work, educational level, marital status, and working class, the odds ratio was 2.34 (95% confidence interval 1.70-3.21).
在瑞典韦斯特博滕郡和北博滕郡的一个队列研究中，涉及440名职业司机和1000名对照者，确定了与职业驾驶相关的缺血性心脏病的潜在风险指标。研究对象是随机选取的。心血管风险指标的数据通过问卷调查、血压测量、血脂水平、身高和体重收集。结果显示，与对照者相比，司机中超重、吸烟和从事轮班工作的比例明显更高；他们在休闲时间久坐不动；工作环境的特点是要求高、决策自由度低和社会支持少。在血压和血脂水平方面没有显著差异。与对照者相比，司机在心血管风险指数上得分高的优势比为3.18（95%置信区间2.41 - 4.20）。在对年龄、遗传、轮班工作、教育水平、婚姻状况和社会阶层进行调整后，优势比为2.34（95%置信区间1.70 - 3.21）。
