Andersen S, Vik T, Linker D T
Barneklinikken, Regionsykehuset i Trondheim.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1994 Jan 10;114(1):29-32.
In the county of Sør-Trøndelag, Norway, 145 children with congenital heart disease were detected among 14,194 live-born children from 1 January 1987 to 31 December 1990. This represents an incidence of 10.2 per thousand live-born children. The children were followed for six to 42 months (mean 2.38 years). Ventricular septal defect was detected in 71 (49%) cases. Isolated ventricular septal defect was found in 56 (39%) cases, the muscular type being the most frequent (three times that of the membranous type). Other congenital defects were found in 28 cases (19%), either as chromosome aberrations, syndromes or extracardiac malformations. 13 (9%) children died. None had constant symptoms of congestive heart failure by the end of the study. 34 (23%) cases were referred from mother and child clinics. 8 (5.5%) cases were detected prenatally. Compared with the results of other studies, the total incidence of congenital heart disease was high, and mortality and incidence of other coexistent congenital defects were low. It seems that small and less severe heart defects were detected more frequently in this study. The difference was most marked for incidence of muscular ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect and pulmonary stenosis. The probable reasons for these results are an almost complete register of cases, well established postnatal care and a short distance to a pediatric cardiologist.
在挪威南特伦德拉格郡,1987年1月1日至1990年12月31日期间出生的14,194名活产儿中,检测出145例先天性心脏病患儿。这相当于活产儿的发病率为千分之10.2。对这些患儿进行了6至42个月(平均2.38年)的随访。71例(49%)患儿被检测出患有室间隔缺损。56例(39%)为单纯室间隔缺损,其中肌部类型最为常见(是膜部类型的3倍)。28例(19%)患儿还存在其他先天性缺陷,包括染色体畸变、综合征或心外畸形。13例(9%)患儿死亡。研究结束时,无一例有持续性充血性心力衰竭症状。34例(23%)患儿由母婴诊所转诊而来。8例(5.5%)患儿在产前被检测出。与其他研究结果相比,该地区先天性心脏病的总发病率较高,而其他并存先天性缺陷的死亡率和发病率较低。本研究似乎更频繁地检测出了较小且不太严重的心脏缺陷。这种差异在肌部室间隔缺损、房间隔缺损和肺动脉狭窄的发病率上最为明显。出现这些结果的可能原因是病例登记几乎完整、产后护理完善以及距离儿科心脏病专家较近。