Schultink J W, Van Raaij J M, Hautvast J G
Section of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Benin National University, Cotonou.
Br J Nutr. 1993 Nov;70(3):689-700. doi: 10.1079/bjn19930164.
A large variation in seasonal weight loss between individuals exists in rural communities in developing countries. Therefore, it was investigated whether some individuals show a metabolic adaptation and, through that, prevent large body-weight losses during the preharvest season. Basal metabolic rate (BMR), energy intake and physical activity level (PAL) of rural Beninese women were measured in three seasons. Groups of subjects were: women with a body mass index (BMI) < 18 (n 18), and a BMI > 23 (n 16), and women who had shown small (n 18) and large (n 15) preharvest weight loss. All groups of subjects decreased energy intake during the preharvest season by 0.66-1.09 MJ/d. PAL did not show significant seasonal changes in any of the four groups. Only subjects with a BMI < 18 decreased BMR during the preharvest season with 2.9 (SD 6.7) J/kg per min (P < 0.05), with a decrease of 0.8 (SD 1.4) kg (P < 0.05) in body weight. In very thin women with a BMI < 17 (n 5) BMR expressed per unit body weight decreased even more during the preharvest season (by 12%).
在发展中国家的农村社区，个体间季节性体重减轻存在很大差异。因此，研究人员调查了是否有些个体表现出代谢适应性，并借此在收获前季节防止体重大幅下降。在三个季节中测量了贝宁农村妇女的基础代谢率（BMR）、能量摄入量和身体活动水平（PAL）。研究对象分组如下：体重指数（BMI）<18的女性（n = 18）、BMI>23的女性（n = 16），以及收获前体重减轻较少（n = 18）和较多（n = 15）的女性。所有研究对象组在收获前季节能量摄入量均减少了0.66 - 1.09兆焦/天。四组中的任何一组PAL均未表现出明显的季节性变化。只有BMI<18的研究对象在收获前季节基础代谢率每分钟每千克降低了2.9（标准差6.7）焦耳（P<0.05），体重下降了0.8（标准差1.4）千克（P<0.05）。在BMI<17的极瘦女性（n = 5）中，收获前季节每单位体重的基础代谢率下降得更多（下降了12%）。
