Stroud M A, Coward W A, Sawyer M B
RAF Institute of Aviation Medicine, Farnborough, Hants, UK.
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1993;67(4):375-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00357638.
Estimates of energy expenditure using both isotope-labelled (2H2(18)O) water and dietary intake/body composition changes were made during an attempt by two men (MS and RF) to walk to the North Pole. The isotope-labelled water technique gave mean estimates of daily energy expenditure for the 48-day expedition of 28.05 MJ (MS) and 32.38 MJ (RF), which compared with estimates of 25.66 MJ (MS) and 24.86 MJ (RF) from the intake/body composition measurements. Fluid retention and peripheral oedema probably caused a considerable underestimate of the losses in body energy stores when applying the energy balance method, whereas in the isotope method, uncertainty in the measurements of isotopic background led to minimum errors of -4.9% to +4.0% of the means for MS and -12.7% to +8.2% for RF (95% confidence limits).
两名男子（MS和RF）尝试徒步前往北极期间，利用同位素标记水（2H2(18)O）以及饮食摄入/身体成分变化对能量消耗进行了估算。同位素标记水技术得出，在为期48天的探险中，MS每日平均能量消耗估算值为28.05兆焦耳，RF为32.38兆焦耳；相比之下，通过饮食摄入/身体成分测量得出的MS估算值为25.66兆焦耳，RF为24.86兆焦耳。运用能量平衡法时，液体潴留和外周水肿可能导致对身体能量储备损失的估算大幅偏低；而采用同位素法时，同位素本底测量的不确定性导致MS的误差范围为均值的-4.9%至+4.0%，RF为-12.7%至+8.2%（95%置信区间）。
