Roodenrys S, Hulme C, Brown G
Department of Psychology, University of York, United Kingdom.
J Exp Child Psychol. 1993 Dec;56(3):431-42. doi: 10.1006/jecp.1993.1043.
We report an experiment investigating the mechanisms responsible for short-term memory span and its development by examining the relationship between memory span and speech rate for words and nonwords of differing spoken lengths. Linear functions related memory span to speech rate for both words and nonwords in children of different ages. The functions for nonwords had equivalent slopes (interpreted as reflecting a contribution from a speech-based process) but lower intercepts (interpreted as reflecting a contribution from a long-term memory component) than the functions for words. Children in both age groups studied showed evidence of a relationship between speech rate and memory span and part of the difference in memory span between age groups appears to reflect a difference in speech rate. However, there is also evidence that the long-term memory component of memory span shows greater efficiency in older children.
我们报告了一项实验，该实验通过研究不同口语长度的单词和非单词的记忆广度与语速之间的关系，来探究负责短期记忆广度及其发展的机制。线性函数将不同年龄儿童的单词和非单词的记忆广度与语速联系起来。非单词的函数斜率相同（解释为反映基于语音的过程的贡献），但截距低于单词的函数（解释为反映长期记忆成分的贡献）。两个年龄组的儿童都显示出语速与记忆广度之间存在关系的证据，并且年龄组之间记忆广度的部分差异似乎反映了语速的差异。然而，也有证据表明，记忆广度的长期记忆成分在年龄较大的儿童中表现出更高的效率。
