Huang K S, Tseng C H, Cheung K S, Hui Y L, Tan P P
Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei.
Ma Zui Xue Za Zhi. 1993 Dec;31(4):245-8.
The influence of the addition of epinephrine to epidural morphine on postoperative analgesia were investigated in 60 ASA physical status I or II patients aged average 45 yr. The treatments were given following lower extremity operation under epidural anesthesia with 2% Xylocaine solution in 20 mL. The subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group A (n = 30) received 2 mg epidural morphine in 10 mL normal saline without epinephrine. Group B (n = 30) received 2 mg epidural morphine in 10 mL normal saline with epinephrine 0.1 mg (1:100,000, 10 micrograms/mL). Patients were assessed for quality and duration of postoperative analgesia, as well as the incidence and severity of side effects after epidural morphine administration. The addition of epinephrine to epidural morphine had significantly increased the quality and duration of analgesia. The side effects of pruritus, nausea, vomiting, and urinary retention were more intense after epinephrine-morphine administration. However, respiratory depression was not observed in both groups.
在60例平均年龄45岁的美国麻醉医师协会（ASA）身体状况I或II级患者中，研究了在硬膜外吗啡中添加肾上腺素对术后镇痛的影响。在硬膜外麻醉下，用20 mL 2%的利多卡因溶液进行下肢手术后给予治疗。受试者被随机分为2组。A组（n = 30）接受10 mL不含肾上腺素的生理盐水中的2 mg硬膜外吗啡。B组（n = 30）接受10 mL含0.1 mg肾上腺素（1:100,000，10微克/毫升）的生理盐水中的2 mg硬膜外吗啡。评估患者术后镇痛的质量和持续时间，以及硬膜外注射吗啡后副作用的发生率和严重程度。在硬膜外吗啡中添加肾上腺素显著提高了镇痛的质量和持续时间。肾上腺素-吗啡给药后，瘙痒、恶心、呕吐和尿潴留等副作用更强烈。然而，两组均未观察到呼吸抑制。
