[Lipid spectra of various zones of the myocardium, damaged by infarct, as a reflection of its metabolic and functional activity in the period preceding the lethal outcome of the illness].

Lipid composition was studied in various zones of the myocardium impaired with infarction. Content of phospholipids was decreased, while lysophospholipids and free fatty acids were increased in the necrosis-impaired sites. In the overinfarction-impaired tissues content of total lipids, triglycerides, cholesterol and its esters and free fatty acids was elevated but some phospholipids were decreased (cardiolipins, phosphatidyl ethanolamine and sphingomyelins). Alterations in lipid composition observed in necrosis impaired myocardial tissues appear to occur due to destruction of cardiomyocytes, to the following liberation of enzymes from the cells and their irregular effects on lipid metabolism. There were apparently three types of reactions in the overinfarction-impaired sites: hydrolysis of lipids, decrease in the rate of fatty acids oxidation and increase--in synthesis of individual lipid classes. All the alterations detected were related to deficiency in oxygen, accumulation of NADH2, NADPH2 and factate. This suggests that activation of biosynthesis of free fatty acids and lipids, directed to neutralization of the dehydrogenase coenzymes and to continuation of glycolysis, may be involved in positive compensation-adaptive reactions during definite steps of the disease development. However, during the further steps of the disease increase in content of free fatty acids and other lipids in blood and tissues, as in the case of lactate, may aggravate the pathological state, acquired dysfunction and increased the necrosis-impaired zone. The data obtained suggest that analysis of lipid spectrum in various myocardial tissues may exhibit the rate of hypoxic and ischemic alterations, demonstrated the reserves of metabolic activity as well as showed the risk of necrosis enlargement during the prelethal period of the disease.