Bardy A H, Seppälä T, Lillsunde P, Koskela P, Gref C G
Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1994 Jan;73(1):30-4. doi: 10.3109/00016349409013389.
First, to study tobacco exposure among pregnant Finnish women in 1986 and 1990. Second, to study the objectively measured exposure in different socioeconomic classes and in different geographical regions. Third, to assess the value of serum thiocyanate concentrations in estimating fetal tobacco exposure.
Tobacco exposure was measured from maternal and umbilical serum samples by measuring the concentration of nicotine metabolite, cotinine. In addition, the concentrations of thiocyanate were measured from umbilical serum samples. The occupations of the mothers were obtained from the Finnish Birth Registry, and the area of residence from laboratory records.
Finland.
1323 infants born in late February-early March in 1991, 1263 mothers of these infants during antenatal visits in Autumn 1990, and 976 pregnant mothers during antenatal visits in Autumn 1986. The mothers and infants studied represented all newborn infants and their mothers during one week in one country.
In 1986, 21.3% of Finnish mothers and in 1990 21.2% were exposed to tobacco. In 1986, exposed mothers were on average 1.4 (95% confidence interval 0.9-1.8) years younger than nonexposed mothers, and in 1990, exposed mothers were on average 1.6 years (95% confidence interval 1.1-2.3) younger than nonexposed mothers. 28.5% of mothers classified as unskilled workers were exposed, but only 9.1% of those classified as upper white-collar. There were no significant geographical differences in exposure. Although umbilical serum thiocyanate levels were always elevated in exposed infants, high serum thiocyanate concentrations were detected in infants not exposed to tobacco.
More than 20% of pregnant Finnish mothers and their fetuses were exposed to tobacco in 1986 and 1990. Young women and women in low socioeconomic classes were the most seriously exposed. Measurement of serum thiocyanate concentrations did not yield reliable estimates of exposure.
第一，研究1986年和1990年芬兰孕妇的烟草暴露情况。第二，研究不同社会经济阶层和不同地理区域的客观测量暴露情况。第三，评估血清硫氰酸盐浓度在估计胎儿烟草暴露方面的价值。
通过测量尼古丁代谢物可替宁的浓度，从母亲和脐带血清样本中测量烟草暴露情况。此外，还从脐带血清样本中测量硫氰酸盐的浓度。母亲的职业信息来自芬兰出生登记处，居住地区信息来自实验室记录。
芬兰。
1991年2月下旬至3月初出生的1323名婴儿、1990年秋季产前检查时这些婴儿的1263名母亲，以及1986年秋季产前检查时的976名孕妇。所研究的母亲和婴儿代表了该国一周内所有的新生儿及其母亲。
1986年，21.3%的芬兰母亲吸烟，1990年这一比例为21.2%。1986年，吸烟母亲的平均年龄比不吸烟母亲小1.4岁（95%置信区间0.9 - 1.8），1990年，吸烟母亲的平均年龄比不吸烟母亲小1.6岁（95%置信区间1.1 - 2.3）。被归类为非技术工人的母亲中有28.5%吸烟，但被归类为高级白领的母亲中只有9.1%吸烟。在暴露情况方面没有显著的地理差异。虽然暴露婴儿的脐带血清硫氰酸盐水平总是升高，但在未接触烟草的婴儿中也检测到了高血清硫氰酸盐浓度。
1986年和1990年，超过20%的芬兰孕妇及其胎儿接触过烟草。年轻女性和社会经济阶层较低的女性受影响最为严重。血清硫氰酸盐浓度的测量并不能可靠地估计暴露情况。
