Slonim D, Svandová E, Strnad P, Benes C
Institute of Sera and Vaccines, Prague, Czech Republic.
Cent Eur J Public Health. 1993 Jun;1(1):53-6.
The incidence of poliomyelitis in the Czech Republic shows four epidemiologically different phases recorded during a lifetime of one human generation: endemicity (until 1938), epidemicity (1939 to 1956), repression (1957 to 1960) and elimination (1961 till now). The phase of the endemic incidence of poliomyelitis studied in this paper finished in 1938. Since 1919 when poliomyelitis notification was started, three waves of increasing though low mortality were observed: in 1926, 1932 and 1936 (0.27, 0.43 and 0.38 per 100,000, respectively). Between 1919 and 1938 the mortality increased in children over one year but it remained relatively highest in infants under one year of age. The poliomyelitis death rates were high between 1928 and 1938, 23.6% on the average. Such high rates might be attributable to the underrated morbidity cases in comparison with a rather reliably notified polio mortality. The period between 1919 and 1938 represented the end of the endemic incidence of poliomyelitis in the Czech countries, and it could be considered as preepidemic.
地方病阶段（直到1938年）、流行阶段（1939年至1956年）、抑制阶段（1957年至1960年）和消除阶段（1961年至今）。本文所研究的脊髓灰质炎地方病发病阶段于1938年结束。自1919年开始脊髓灰质炎通报以来，观察到三波死亡率虽低但呈上升趋势的情况：分别在1926年、1932年和1936年（每10万人中分别为0.27、0.43和0.38）。在1919年至1938年期间，一岁以上儿童的死亡率有所上升，但一岁以下婴儿的死亡率仍然相对最高。1928年至1938年期间脊髓灰质炎死亡率很高，平均为23.6%。与通报相对可靠的脊髓灰质炎死亡率相比，如此高的死亡率可能归因于发病病例被低估。1919年至1938年期间代表了捷克国家脊髓灰质炎地方病发病的结束阶段，可被视为流行前阶段。
