Stimson G V
Department of Psychiatry, Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, London.
Bull Narc. 1993;45(1):3-17.
Long-standing patterns of drug injecting in mainly developed countries have been joined by the introduction and expansion of drug injecting in developing countries, often followed quickly by outbreaks of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Drug injecting has been identified in 80 countries and HIV infection in 52 of these. Given the continued recruitment of new injectors where injecting is endemic, the diffusion of drug injecting in countries where the practice was formerly rare and the potential for this diffusion to occur, HIV prevention must also consider interventions that discourage drug injecting. Particularly at risk are countries in drug-producing regions and along drug transit routes in Africa, south-east and south-west Asia and South America. Injecting can spread in less time than it takes to introduce HIV prevention activities. The task of the public health system will be to find a balance between activities targeted at helping current injectors change their behaviour and activities targeted at discouraging the adoption of drug injecting.
在主要发达国家长期存在的药物注射模式，因发展中国家引入并扩大药物注射而有所增加，随后往往很快就会爆发人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染疫情。在80个国家发现了药物注射现象，其中52个国家存在HIV感染。鉴于在注射流行的地区不断有新的注射者加入，在以前很少有这种行为的国家药物注射行为不断扩散且有继续扩散的可能性，HIV预防工作还必须考虑采取干预措施来劝阻药物注射行为。非洲、东南亚和西南亚以及南美洲的毒品生产地区和毒品运输路线沿线国家面临的风险尤其高。注射行为的传播速度比开展HIV预防活动的速度还要快。公共卫生系统的任务将是在针对帮助现有注射者改变行为的活动和针对劝阻采用药物注射行为的活动之间找到平衡。
