National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Int J Drug Policy. 2010 Mar;21(2):100-2. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2009.12.007. Epub 2010 Feb 9.
Recent systematic reviews have provided a global picture of injecting drug use, HIV and the global response to HIV epidemics among people who inject drugs. They have also revealed significant gaps in our knowledge, in both the problem and the response. It is clear that the prevalence of injecting drug use, and of HIV among injecting populations, varies geographically, differing hugely both within and across countries. In many cases, however, data on the number of drug injectors, and of the proportion who are living with HIV, is often unavailable or inaccurate, and gaps exist in many low income countries. The response to injecting drug use and HIV also varies hugely; both the nature and the scale of the response show marked geographic variation. The lack of quality data acts as an impediment to accurate assessments of effective and targeted responses to HIV among people who inject drugs. It is encouraging that the comprehensive suite of interventions considered "essential" by UN agencies in the response to HIV among people that inject drugs is being introduced in more countries now than ever before. Nonetheless, there remains an urgent need for more and higher quality data to be collected, in order to sufficiently inform, improve and ultimately evaluate the response.
最近的系统评价提供了全球范围内注射吸毒、艾滋病毒以及全球应对注射吸毒者中艾滋病毒流行情况的全貌。这些评价还揭示了我们在知识方面存在的重大差距，无论是在问题还是在应对方面。显然，注射吸毒的流行情况以及注射吸毒者中的艾滋病毒流行情况在地域上存在差异，无论是在国家内部还是国家之间，都存在巨大差异。然而，在许多情况下，关于吸毒者人数以及感染艾滋病毒的比例的数据往往不可用或不准确，而且在许多低收入国家都存在差距。应对注射吸毒和艾滋病毒的措施也存在巨大差异；应对措施的性质和规模都显示出明显的地域差异。缺乏高质量的数据成为准确评估针对注射吸毒者的艾滋病毒的有效和有针对性的应对措施的障碍。令人鼓舞的是，联合国机构在应对注射吸毒者中的艾滋病毒时所认为的“基本”一整套干预措施，现在在比以往任何时候都更多的国家得到采用。尽管如此，仍然迫切需要收集更多和更高质量的数据，以便充分提供信息、改进和最终评估应对措施。
