Price K J, Lang J D, Eiser C, Tripp J H
Department of Child Health, Postgraduate Medical School, University of Exeter, UK.
Diabet Med. 1993 Dec;10(10):962-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.1993.tb00013.x.
The diets of 53 children over 8 years of age with diabetes mellitus were examined by 24 h recall. Thirty-seven had been on prescribed carbohydrate diets while 16 had been on an unrestricted carbohydrate diet since diagnosis. The mean intakes of energy (prescribed 9.1 MJ, unrestricted 9.0 MJ, p = 0.66), carbohydrate (prescribed 259 g, unrestricted 251 g, p = 0.64), fat (prescribed 99.8 g, unrestricted 98.2 g, p = 0.84) and fibre (prescribed 29.2 g, unrestricted 31.0 g, p = 0.42) were not significantly different between the two groups. Both groups showed similar distribution of carbohydrate through the day and considerable day to day variation in their carbohydrate intake (coefficient of variation, prescribed 14.5%, unrestricted 14.1%, p = 0.87). Those on prescribed diet had a mean carbohydrate intake which exceeded their prescription by 36%. Both groups had above average fibre intake suggesting that qualitative advice was being followed. There were no significant differences between the two groups in metabolic control (HbA1 prescribed 12.4%, unrestricted 11.9%, p = 0.23), body mass index (prescribed 19.8 kg m-2, unrestricted 20.4 kg m-2) or insulin dosage (prescribed 1 unit kg-1 day-1, unrestricted 0.9 units kg-1 day-1). This study has shown no differences between prescribed and unrestricted carbohydrate diets. Qualitative, rather than quantitative advice may be more appropriate in the management of Type 1 diabetic children.
通过24小时回顾法对53名8岁以上糖尿病儿童的饮食进行了调查。37名儿童自诊断以来一直遵循规定的碳水化合物饮食，而16名儿童则一直采用无限制碳水化合物饮食。两组在能量（规定组9.1兆焦耳，无限制组9.0兆焦耳，p = 0.66）、碳水化合物（规定组259克，无限制组251克，p = 0.64）、脂肪（规定组99.8克，无限制组98.2克，p = 0.84）和纤维（规定组29.2克，无限制组31.0克，p = 0.42）的平均摄入量上没有显著差异。两组在一天中碳水化合物的分布相似，且碳水化合物摄入量在每日之间有相当大的变化（变异系数，规定组14.5%，无限制组14.1%，p = 0.87）。采用规定饮食的儿童平均碳水化合物摄入量超出规定量36%。两组的纤维摄入量均高于平均水平，表明他们遵循了质量方面的建议。两组在代谢控制（糖化血红蛋白规定组12.4%，无限制组11.9%，p = 0.23）、体重指数（规定组19.8千克/平方米，无限制组20.4千克/平方米）或胰岛素剂量（规定组1单位/千克/天，无限制组0.9单位/千克/天）方面没有显著差异。本研究表明，规定的碳水化合物饮食和无限制的碳水化合物饮食之间没有差异。在1型糖尿病儿童的管理中，质量方面而非数量方面的建议可能更为合适。
