Martens K A
Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois.
Emerg Med Clin North Am. 1994 Feb;12(1):91-113.
Sexually transmitted diseases comprise one of the most common medical complications of pregnancy. Prompt treatment is essential to minimize the risk of fetal and neonatal adverse consequences. At this time, however, no pharmacologic therapy is routinely employed for the viral STDs during pregnancy, including HIV, HSV, and hepatitis B virus. Appropriate antibiotic treatment, considered in the context of fetal drug effects, provides high cure rates for many of the other sexually transmitted agents. The approach of the emergency physician to STDs centers on recognition and treatment; however, all physicians encountering this patient population have a responsibility to facilitate access to primary prophylaxis for STD. This means ensuring that issues related to education regarding transmission of STDs, safer sex, and sexual contact counseling are addressed initially or via a primary care referral. In the appropriate setting, complications of pregnancy due to STDs should also be addressed.
性传播疾病是妊娠最常见的医学并发症之一。及时治疗对于将胎儿和新生儿不良后果的风险降至最低至关重要。然而，目前在孕期没有常规使用的针对病毒性性传播疾病的药物治疗方法，包括艾滋病毒、单纯疱疹病毒和乙型肝炎病毒。在考虑胎儿药物影响的情况下进行适当的抗生素治疗，可为许多其他性传播病原体提供较高的治愈率。急诊医生对性传播疾病的处理重点在于识别和治疗；然而，所有接触这类患者群体的医生都有责任促进获得性传播疾病的一级预防。这意味着要确保最初或通过初级保健转诊来解决与性传播疾病传播教育、安全性行为和性接触咨询相关的问题。在适当的情况下，还应处理因性传播疾病导致的妊娠并发症。
