Pearce C M, Martin G
Southern Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service (C.A.M.H.S.), Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1993 Dec;88(6):409-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03482.x.
Using a sample of high school students, this pilot study investigated the relationship between locus of control and a range of suicidal behaviours, the proportion of high school students in an Australian sample who report having engaged in such behaviours and the proportion of suicide attempters who received medical attention following an attempt. Two hundred male and 205 female students aged between 13 and 19 years (mean = 15, SD = 1), attending one randomly chosen metropolitan state high school, completed a questionnaire that included demographic details, the Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale for Children and questions concerning suicide. The findings indicated that a substantial proportion of individuals in the sample have suicidal ideation. A smaller proportion have engaged in a range of more serious and overt self-destructive and suicidal behaviours. Further, a majority of attempters in the sample had not received medical attention following their attempt. There was also a clear association between locus of control and suicidal behaviour, with the individuals who had engaged in suicidal behaviours characterized by a more external locus of control orientation. This study adds further weight of evidence to the suggestion that the locus of control construct is useful in identifying adolescents at risk of engaging in suicidal behaviour.
本试点研究以高中生为样本，调查了心理控制点与一系列自杀行为之间的关系、澳大利亚样本中报告有此类行为的高中生比例以及自杀未遂者在未遂后接受医疗救治的比例。来自一所随机选取的大都市公立高中的200名男生和205名年龄在13至19岁之间（平均年龄 = 15岁，标准差 = 1）的女生完成了一份问卷，问卷内容包括人口统计学细节、儿童诺维茨基 - 斯特里克兰心理控制点量表以及有关自杀的问题。研究结果表明，样本中的相当一部分人有自杀念头。较小比例的人有一系列更严重、更明显的自我毁灭和自杀行为。此外，样本中的大多数未遂者在未遂后未接受医疗救治。心理控制点与自杀行为之间也存在明显关联，有自杀行为的个体其心理控制点更倾向于外部导向。这项研究进一步证明了心理控制点结构在识别有自杀行为风险的青少年方面是有用的这一观点。
