Eskenazi B, Guendelman S, Elkin E P, Jasis M
Maternal and Child Health Program, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley.
Am J Ind Med. 1993 Dec;24(6):667-76. doi: 10.1002/ajim.4700240603.
Maquiladoras are plants on the Mexican side of the United States-Mexico border which are used largely by U.S. manufacturers to assemble premanufactured parts. We examined reproductive outcomes of women employed in electronics (N = 120) and garment (N = 121) maquiladora work compared to women employed in the service sector (N = 119) in Tijuana, Mexico. Women recruited by community health workers were interviewed about their reproductive history, sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors, and characteristics of their current job. Length of regular menstrual cycle in the past year as well as time of conception and rates of fetal loss in the most recent pregnancy were similar across occupational groups. However, infants of garment maquiladora workers were 653 g lighter (95% confidence interval [CI]: -1,041 g, -265 g) and infants of electronic maquiladora workers were 337 g lighter (95% CI: -682 g, 9 g) than infants of service workers after adjusting for potential confounders. The cause of these differences remains unclear.
边境工业区是位于美国 - 墨西哥边境墨西哥一侧的工厂，主要供美国制造商用于组装预制零件。我们研究了墨西哥蒂华纳从事电子（N = 120）和服装（N = 121）边境工业区工作的女性与从事服务业（N = 119）的女性的生殖结局。由社区卫生工作者招募的女性接受了关于她们的生殖史、社会人口学特征、健康行为以及当前工作特征的访谈。在过去一年中，各职业组的月经周期长度、受孕时间以及最近一次怀孕的胎儿丢失率相似。然而，在调整潜在混杂因素后，服装边境工业区工人的婴儿比服务业工人的婴儿轻653克（95%置信区间[CI]：-1,041克，-265克），电子边境工业区工人的婴儿比服务业工人的婴儿轻337克（95%CI：-682克，9克）。这些差异的原因尚不清楚。
