Madden J D, Chappel J N, Zuspan F, Gumpel J, Mejia A, Davis R
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1977 Jan 15;127(2):199-201. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9378(16)33250-1.
A total of 110 infants born to mothers who were either in a methadone maintenance program, using heroin, or recently detoxified, were studied during the neonatal period. Of these infants, 93.6 per cent developed withdrawal symptoms. No significant differences were determined in therapeutic response among those infants treated with methadone, phenobarbital, and diazepam. There was a significant reduction in the frequency of withdrawal symptoms among infants born to mothers whose methadone dose at time of delivery was less than 20 mg (17.9 per cent). It is suggested that reduction of methadone dosage in late pregnancy results in reduced incidence of withdrawal but must be carefully carried out.
对110名母亲处于美沙酮维持治疗项目、使用海洛因或近期戒毒状态的新生儿在新生儿期进行了研究。这些婴儿中，93.6%出现了戒断症状。在接受美沙酮、苯巴比妥和地西泮治疗的婴儿中，未发现治疗反应有显著差异。母亲分娩时美沙酮剂量小于20毫克的婴儿，其戒断症状的频率显著降低（17.9%）。建议在妊娠晚期减少美沙酮剂量可降低戒断发生率，但必须谨慎进行。
