Levi L
Department of Stress Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Seishin Shinkeigaku Zasshi. 1993;95(3):259-70.
Psychosocial stressors originate in social structures and processes, affect the human organism through psychological processes, and influence health through four types of closely interrelated mechanisms--emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and physiological. The health outcome is modified by situational (e.g., social support) and individual factors (e.g., personality, coping repetoire). The social environment-stress-health system is a dynamic one with many feedback loops. There is increasing evidence of a causal relationship between psychosocial stressors and morbidity and mortality in a population. Although most of the data presented in this paper are based on Swedish conditions and Swedish studies, some evidence is reviewed indicating their increasing applicability to, and relevance for, Japan. Research and health action should aim at being system-oriented, interdisciplinary, intersectorial, health (and not only disease) oriented, and participative.
心理社会应激源源自社会结构和过程，通过心理过程影响人体，并通过四种密切相关的机制——情绪、认知、行为和生理机制影响健康。健康结果会受到情境因素（如社会支持）和个体因素（如个性、应对方式）的影响。社会环境 - 应激 - 健康系统是一个具有许多反馈回路的动态系统。越来越多的证据表明，心理社会应激源与人群中的发病率和死亡率之间存在因果关系。尽管本文所呈现的大部分数据基于瑞典的情况和瑞典的研究，但也对一些证据进行了综述，表明它们对日本的适用性和相关性在不断增加。研究和健康行动应旨在以系统为导向、跨学科、跨部门、以健康（而非仅以疾病）为导向且具有参与性。
