Nachtigall R D
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, University of California, San Francisco.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1993 Jun;168(6 Pt 1):1846-9; discussion 1849-51. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(93)90700-s.
There is a paucity of information on the well-being of the families created through artificial insemination with donor sperm despite its widespread availability for more than a generation. Physicians who practice donor insemination have historically supported or encouraged secrecy while observing that couples are satisfied and well adjusted after the birth of their donor insemination offspring. However, from the perspective of the child's best interests, it has been argued that accurate genealogic knowledge should be a "right" and that an ethical conflict exists if the practitioner and the couple act together to deceive the child about his or her true genetic identity. The recognition that secrecy raises difficult social, psychologic, and ethical questions while holding considerable practical and emotional appeal for the couple is a major unresolved issue in the practice of donor insemination. It is suggested that further study and evaluation of donor insemination families is needed if accurate counseling and advice are to be provided to couples considering the option of donor insemination.
尽管供精人工授精已广泛应用了一代人以上的时间，但关于通过这种方式组建的家庭的幸福状况，相关信息却很匮乏。从历史上看，实施供精人工授精的医生支持或鼓励保密，同时指出夫妇在通过供精人工授精诞下后代后感到满意且适应良好。然而，从孩子的最佳利益角度来看，有人认为准确的族谱知识应是一项“权利”，并且如果从业者与夫妇共同对孩子隐瞒其真实的基因身份，就会存在伦理冲突。保密引发了诸多棘手的社会、心理和伦理问题，同时对夫妇具有相当大的实际和情感吸引力，这一认识是供精人工授精实践中一个主要的未解决问题。有人建议，如果要为考虑选择供精人工授精的夫妇提供准确的咨询和建议，就需要对供精人工授精家庭进行进一步的研究和评估。
