Landau R
Paul Baerwald School of Social Work, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
Hum Reprod. 1998 Nov;13(11):3268-73. doi: 10.1093/humrep/13.11.3268.
Donor assisted conception provides new opportunities for achieving parenthood but at the same time raises issues of secrecy, anonymity, and the management of the offspring's genetic origins. As with adoption, the child's right to a genetic identity is at stake. The first part of this paper examines bio-psychosocial evidence indicating that maintaining secrecy and anonymity regarding genetic parents may be detrimental to the well-being of the donor offspring, the donor, and the nurturing, social parents. The second part discusses different approaches to the disclosure of genetic origins. The third part presents the case of Israel, as reflected mainly in the Report of the Israeli Ministry of Justice (1994). The paper shows that the Committee, yielding to the medical profession in the country, preferred the interests of the adults involved in donor assisted conception to those of the offspring and made no sincere attempts to protect the child's basic right to genetic identity. In doing so, it turned its back on the well established policy of openness in the field of adoption and on the emerging trend to similar openness in donor assisted conception in other countries.
供体辅助受孕为实现为人父母提供了新机会，但同时也引发了保密、匿名以及后代基因来源管理等问题。与收养一样，孩子拥有基因身份的权利受到了威胁。本文第一部分审视了生物心理社会学证据，这些证据表明，对基因父母保密和匿名可能对供体后代、供体以及抚养孩子的社会父母的福祉有害。第二部分讨论了披露基因来源的不同方法。第三部分介绍了以色列的情况，主要体现在以色列司法部的报告（1994年）中。本文表明，该委员会屈从于该国的医学专业意见，将供体辅助受孕中涉及的成年人的利益置于后代利益之上，并未真诚地试图保护孩子拥有基因身份的基本权利。这样做，它背离了收养领域既定的公开政策，也背离了其他国家在供体辅助受孕方面出现的类似公开趋势。
