Teasell R, Dittmer D K
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Western Ontario, London.
Can Fam Physician. 1993 Jun;39:1440-2, 1445-6.
Prolonged immobilization affects almost every organ system. Respiratory complications include decreased ventilation, atelectasis, and pneumonia. Decreased basal metabolic rate, increased diuresis, natriuresis, and nitrogen and calcium depletion affect metabolism. Genitourinary problems include renal stones and more frequent urinary tract infections. Glucose intolerance, anorexia, constipation, and pressure sores might develop. Central nervous system changes could affect balance and coordination and lead to increasing dependence on caregivers.
长期制动几乎会影响每个器官系统。呼吸系统并发症包括通气减少、肺不张和肺炎。基础代谢率降低、利尿增加、钠尿增加以及氮和钙消耗会影响新陈代谢。泌尿生殖系统问题包括肾结石和更频繁的尿路感染。可能会出现葡萄糖不耐受、厌食、便秘和压疮。中枢神经系统变化可能会影响平衡和协调能力，并导致对护理人员的依赖增加。
