Eversley R B, Policar M, White V, Grinstead O, Newstetter A, Avins A, Hearst N
Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San Francisco 94105.
Ethn Dis. 1993 Spring;3(2):181-8.
The relationship between sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been established. Little is known, however, about the relationship between being infected with an STD and initiating HIV risk-reduction behavior. We interviewed 267 young women who were family planning clients of the San Francisco Bay-Area Planned Parenthood clinics, of whom 40% were white, 37% African American, and 23% women of other ethnic origins. Fifty-three percent of the women surveyed reported having been diagnosed with an STD, and 22% reported two or more episodes of infection. African-American women who reported lower educational attainment and being unemployed were more likely to report having been infected with an STD than were women from other ethnic and demographic groups. Ethnic differences were also found in the prevalence of the risk behaviors associated with the self-reported STDs and in the relationship between reporting a history of STD and practicing HIV risk-reduction behavior. Women who reported an STD were significantly more likely to report having a nonmonogamous primary partner. Risk-reduction behaviors associated with a personal history of STD included being less likely to report having asked a sexual partner about his number of previous partners and being more likely to have been tested for antibodies to HIV. Results from this survey suggest that these family planning clients report a frequent history of STDs and that while some have attempted to reduce their risk, these efforts are inadequate. These data underscore a need for ethnically relevant HIV risk-reduction interventions for this population.
性传播疾病（STD）与人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染风险之间的关系已得到确认。然而，对于感染性传播疾病与开始采取降低HIV风险行为之间的关系，人们却知之甚少。我们对267名计划生育门诊的年轻女性进行了访谈，这些门诊位于旧金山湾区计划生育诊所。其中40%为白人，37%为非裔美国人，23%为其他族裔女性。接受调查的女性中有53%报告曾被诊断患有性传播疾病，22%报告有两次或更多次感染。报告受教育程度较低且失业的非裔美国女性比其他族裔和人口群体的女性更有可能报告感染过性传播疾病。在与自我报告的性传播疾病相关的风险行为患病率以及报告性传播疾病史与采取降低HIV风险行为之间的关系方面，也发现了种族差异。报告患有性传播疾病的女性更有可能报告其主要伴侣有多个性伴侣。与个人性传播疾病史相关的降低风险行为包括：不太可能报告曾询问性伴侣其既往性伴侣数量，以及更有可能接受过HIV抗体检测。本次调查结果表明，这些计划生育门诊的服务对象经常有性传播疾病史，虽然一些人试图降低风险，但这些努力并不够。这些数据强调了针对该人群开展具有种族针对性的降低HIV风险干预措施的必要性。
