Howie P W
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, UK.
Br Med Bull. 1993 Jan;49(1):182-99. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a072597.
Natural methods play an important part in the overall control of world fertility. Lactational amenorrhoea makes a very large contribution to fertility control in developing countries and recent advances in our understanding of the biology of lactation and fertility have enabled guidelines to be prepared to help nursing mothers who wish to use the natural contraceptive effect of breastfeeding to space their families. Methods to identify more reliably the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle, possibly using home monitoring of hormone levels in the urine, would greatly increase the applicability of NFP methods. If used effectively, natural family planning can have a high effectiveness rate but all methods are extremely unforgiving of risk-taking in the fertile phase. More research is required to identify those factors which could serve to improve the efficacy of NFP methods.
自然方法在全球生育率的总体控制中发挥着重要作用。哺乳期闭经在发展中国家的生育控制中贡献巨大，并且我们对泌乳和生育生物学的最新认识进展使得能够制定指导方针，以帮助那些希望利用母乳喂养的自然避孕效果来安排生育间隔的哺乳期母亲。采用可能包括在家中监测尿中激素水平的方法，更可靠地识别月经周期的易孕期，将大大提高自然计划生育方法的适用性。如果有效使用，自然计划生育可以有很高的有效率，但所有方法对于在易孕期冒险的行为都极为苛刻。需要开展更多研究来确定那些有助于提高自然计划生育方法效果的因素。
