Brouhard B H, Rogers D G
Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio 44195.
Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1993 May;32(5):258-63. doi: 10.1177/000992289303200501.
The only known cure for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is transplantation of functioning islet cells, either alone or via transplantation of the entire pancreas in sufficient mass to restore normal carbohydrate metabolism. Such therapy may also ameliorate or eliminate certain long-term consequences of diabetes. More than 3,000 patients have received pancreas transplants at 150 centers worldwide since 1966. Urinary drainage of pancreatic exocrine secretions has dramatically improved long-term survival, especially when a kidney was transplanted at the same time. Metabolic control then resumes normal function for up to six years, in some cases preventing or reversing long-term complications of diabetes. While nephropathy and neuropathy can be prevented and even somewhat reversed, retinopathy and neuropathy resist improvement. The large number of islets that must be harvested makes islet cell transplantation difficult to achieve, although the process has been accomplished in humans with limited success.
胰岛素依赖型糖尿病唯一已知的治愈方法是移植有功能的胰岛细胞，单独移植或通过移植足够量的整个胰腺以恢复正常的碳水化合物代谢。这种治疗也可能改善或消除糖尿病的某些长期后果。自1966年以来，全球150个中心已有3000多名患者接受了胰腺移植。胰腺外分泌分泌物的尿液引流显著提高了长期生存率，尤其是在同时进行肾脏移植时。代谢控制随后可恢复正常功能长达六年，在某些情况下可预防或逆转糖尿病的长期并发症。虽然肾病和神经病变可以预防甚至在一定程度上逆转，但视网膜病变和神经病变难以改善。尽管胰岛细胞移植在人类身上取得了有限的成功，但必须采集大量胰岛使得该过程难以实现。
