Monk T H, Buysse D J, Reynolds C F, Kupfer D J
Sleep and Chronobiology Center, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania 15213.
Exp Gerontol. 1993 Mar-Apr;28(2):119-33. doi: 10.1016/0531-5565(93)90002-u.
A 15-day simulated jet lag experiment was performed in a time isolation laboratory using 15 old women (79-91 years, mean 82.9 years) and 10 old men (71-86 years, mean 80.5 years). After five full days and nights on the subject's habitual routine, the waketime of night 6 was advanced by 6 h, truncating the sleep episode. All subsequent events occurred 6 h earlier than normal. Adjustment to the phase shift was evaluated by the circadian rhythm in rectal temperature (measured every minute), polysomnography of each sleep episode, and daily averages of mood, activation, and performance speed. While the circadian rhythm amplitude reduction consequent upon the phase shift showed a tendency to be longer lived in the old men, both old groups showed fairly rapid adjustment of the timing of their circadian temperature rhythm, comparable (if not better) to that observed earlier in a study of middle aged men. However, sleep disruption (and daytime sleepiness) appeared to be longer lived in the elderly, showing little of the recovery over time observed in younger subjects. Thus, there appeared to be some separation in the elderly of the sleep disruption and circadian rhythm disruption effects of jet lag.
在一个时间隔离实验室中，对15名老年女性（79 - 91岁，平均82.9岁）和10名老年男性（71 - 86岁，平均80.5岁）进行了为期15天的模拟时差实验。在按照受试者的日常习惯度过五个完整的昼夜后，将第6晚的起床时间提前6小时，缩短睡眠时间。随后所有事件都比正常时间提前6小时发生。通过直肠温度的昼夜节律（每分钟测量一次）、每个睡眠阶段的多导睡眠图以及情绪、活力和表现速度的每日平均值来评估对相位变化的调整情况。虽然相位变化导致的昼夜节律振幅减小在老年男性中持续的时间有延长的趋势，但两个老年组的昼夜体温节律时间都显示出相当快速的调整，与之前在一项中年男性研究中观察到的情况相当（如果不是更好的话）。然而，睡眠干扰（以及白天嗜睡）在老年人中似乎持续的时间更长，几乎没有观察到年轻受试者随时间出现的恢复情况。因此，在老年人中，时差导致的睡眠干扰和昼夜节律干扰效应似乎存在一定程度的分离。
