Kritz-Silverstein D, Barrett-Connor E
Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego.
Am J Public Health. 1993 Jul;83(7):983-8. doi: 10.2105/ajph.83.7.983.
Previous studies have reported positive associations of age at menopause with bone density and inverse associations of age at menarche with bone density. This study examined the relationships of early age at menopause and number of reproductive years (defined as age at menopause minus age at menarche) with bone density in postmenopausal women.
The subjects were 555 women aged 60 to 89 years who had had either natural menopause (n = 391) or hysterectomy with bilateral oophorectomy (n = 164). Bone density was measured at the ultradistal wrist, midshaft radius, lumbar spine, and hip.
Women who had had early menopause and those with the fewest reproductive years had significantly lower bone density at all sites. After adjustment for covariates, both age at menopause and number of reproductive years had significant positive associations with bone density at every site, and total number of reproductive years explained more of the variance in bone mineral density than did either age at menarche or age at menopause.
Elderly women reporting early menopause or fewer reproductive years have more osteoporosis. The number of reproductive years may be more helpful than age at menopause in identifying women at increased risk of osteoporosis.
既往研究报告了绝经年龄与骨密度呈正相关，初潮年龄与骨密度呈负相关。本研究探讨了绝经年龄过早及生殖年限（定义为绝经年龄减去初潮年龄）与绝经后女性骨密度的关系。
研究对象为555名年龄在60至89岁之间的女性，她们经历了自然绝经（n = 391）或子宫切除加双侧卵巢切除术（n = 164）。测量了超远端腕部、桡骨中段、腰椎和髋部的骨密度。
绝经年龄过早和生殖年限最少的女性在所有部位的骨密度均显著较低。在对协变量进行调整后，绝经年龄和生殖年限与每个部位的骨密度均呈显著正相关，且生殖年限总数比初潮年龄或绝经年龄能解释更多骨矿物质密度的变异。
报告绝经年龄过早或生殖年限较少的老年女性患骨质疏松症的情况更多。在识别骨质疏松症风险增加的女性方面，生殖年限可能比绝经年龄更有帮助。
