McLean J A, Mathews K P, Solomon W R, Brayton P R, Ciarkowski A A
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1977 Feb;59(2):165-70. doi: 10.1016/0091-6749(77)90220-2.
Serial nasal, intracutaneous, or bronchial challenges were carried out with solutions containing 2- or 3-fold increments in histamine (H) or methacholine (Meth) concentration until nasal airway resistance (NAR) increased by more than 100%, a large intracutaneous reaction was elicited, or FEV1 decreased by 20% or more. Thirty nonatopic and 48 asymptomatic atopic subjects were studied, the latter group divided into rhinitic patients with and without asthma. Several types of data analysis demonstrated there was no significant difference in the nasal or cutaneous effects of H or Meth between the atopic and nonatopic groups. Comparable results were obtained in a subgroup of 39 subjects (13 normal, 13 atopic, and 13 atopic with asthma) who underwent all six test sequences (i.e., nasal, cutaneous, and bronchial with both drugs). As expected, the asthmatics showed significantly increased bronchial reactivity to both agents. In comparison with Meth, H had a much greater effect on the nasal mucosa and skin than on the bronchi. It is concluded that, contrary to bronchial responses, but in accord with cutaneous reactivity, the nasal responses of nonatopic subjects, atopic persons with allergic rhinitis alone, and subjects with both allergic rhinitis and asthma show no intergroup differences on testing with H or Meth.
采用含组胺（H）或乙酰甲胆碱（Meth）浓度呈2倍或3倍递增的溶液进行系列鼻腔、皮内或支气管激发试验，直至鼻气道阻力（NAR）增加超过100%、引发大的皮内反应或第1秒用力呼气量（FEV1）下降20%或更多。研究了30名非特应性和48名无症状特应性受试者，后一组分为有和没有哮喘的变应性鼻炎患者。几种数据分析类型表明，特应性和非特应性组之间H或Meth的鼻腔或皮肤效应无显著差异。在39名受试者（13名正常、13名特应性和13名患有哮喘的特应性）的亚组中获得了类似结果，这些受试者接受了所有六个测试序列（即使用两种药物进行鼻腔、皮肤和支气管测试）。正如预期的那样，哮喘患者对两种药物的支气管反应性显著增加。与Meth相比，H对鼻黏膜和皮肤的作用比对支气管的作用大得多。得出的结论是，与支气管反应相反，但与皮肤反应性一致，非特应性受试者、仅患有变应性鼻炎的特应性个体以及患有变应性鼻炎和哮喘的受试者在使用H或Meth进行测试时，组间鼻腔反应无差异。
