Lindgren F A, Hartling S G, Persson B E, Röder M E, Snellman K, Binder C, Dahlquist G
Department of Pediatrics, Karolinska Institute, Sachs' Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Diabetologia. 1993 Jun;36(6):560-3. doi: 10.1007/BF02743274.
Elevated proinsulin levels have been observed in healthy first degree relatives of Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients. This elevation could reflect a sequele after a previous attack on the beta-cells not necessarily leading to diabetes, or represent a family trait related to the development of diabetes. When cord plasma levels of proinsulin, insulin and C-peptide from 14 newborn siblings of Type 1 diabetic patients were compared with 21 newborn control siblings unrelated to diabetic subjects, no differences were observed. Neither were any differences observed between their mothers at delivery when comparing the same parameters. In cord plasma the proinsulin levels (median and range) were higher than those in plasma from 35 adult fasting women unrelated to diabetic subjects (10, 5-83 pmol/l vs 4, 2-33 pmol/l; p < 0.001) whereas the C-peptide levels (median and range) were lower (0.20, 0.11-0.56 nmol/l vs 0.37, 0.21-0.69 nmol/l; p < 0.001). No differences in insulin levels using a highly specific insulin assay were observed. The results suggest that newborn children have high proinsulin and low C-peptide levels unrelated to heredity of diabetes and that the previously described elevated proinsulin level observed in older first degree relatives of diabetic subjects occurs later in life.
在1型（胰岛素依赖型）糖尿病患者的健康一级亲属中，已观察到胰岛素原水平升高。这种升高可能反映了先前对β细胞的攻击后的后遗症，不一定会导致糖尿病，或者代表了与糖尿病发生相关的家族特征。当将14名1型糖尿病患者的新生儿同胞的脐带血中胰岛素原、胰岛素和C肽水平与21名与糖尿病患者无关的新生儿对照同胞进行比较时，未观察到差异。在比较相同参数时，他们的母亲在分娩时也未观察到任何差异。脐带血中的胰岛素原水平（中位数和范围）高于35名与糖尿病患者无关的成年空腹女性血浆中的水平（10，5 - 83 pmol/l对4，2 - 33 pmol/l；p < 0.001），而C肽水平（中位数和范围）较低（0.20，0.11 - 0.56 nmol/l对0.37，0.21 - 0.69 nmol/l；p < 0.001）。使用高度特异性胰岛素测定法未观察到胰岛素水平的差异。结果表明，新生儿的胰岛素原水平高而C肽水平低，与糖尿病遗传无关，并且先前在糖尿病患者的年长一级亲属中观察到的胰岛素原水平升高发生在生命后期。
