Murray M W, Andrews J W, DeLoach H L
J Nutr. 1977 Feb;107(2):272-80. doi: 10.1093/jn/107.2.272.
Studies were conducted to determine the effects of several lipid supplements in practical-type diets for channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) fingerlings reared at 23 degrees and 28 degrees. Maximum growth and feed efficiency were obtained when diets were supplemented with 9% animal tallow, 9% menhaden oil or a combination of the two (4.5% of each). A growth suppression was observed when fish were fed a diet containing a combination of 3% corn oil, 3% animal tallow and 3% menhaden oil. In studies on interactions of dietary protein and lipid at 23 degrees and 28 degrees, increasing dietary protein from 25% to 35% resulted in higher gains. At 28 degrees, increasing dietary lipid from 5% to 12% resulted in increased gains with diets containing 35% protein but not withdiets containing 25% protein. At 23 degrees, 5% lipid was sufficient in all cases. Carcass lipid levels increased with increasing temperature and were positively correlated with weight gains and negatively correlated with carcass moisture content. Improved protein conversion (protein fed: protein gained) was noted when dietary protein levels were increased from 25% to 35%; when dietary lipid levels were increased from 5% to 12%; and when environmental temperature was increased from 23 degrees to 28 degrees.
开展了多项研究，以确定几种脂质补充剂对在23摄氏度和28摄氏度水温下养殖的斑点叉尾鮰鱼种实用型日粮的影响。当日粮补充9%的动物脂肪、9%的鲱鱼油或两者的组合（各4.5%）时，可获得最大生长速度和饲料效率。当给鱼投喂含有3%玉米油、3%动物脂肪和3%鲱鱼油组合的日粮时，观察到生长受到抑制。在23摄氏度和28摄氏度下对日粮蛋白质和脂质相互作用的研究中，将日粮蛋白质从25%提高到35%会导致更高的增重。在28摄氏度时，将日粮脂质从5%提高到12%会使含有35%蛋白质的日粮增重增加，但含有25%蛋白质的日粮则不会。在23摄氏度时，所有情况下5%的脂质就足够了。鱼体脂质水平随温度升高而增加，与体重增加呈正相关，与鱼体水分含量呈负相关。当日粮蛋白质水平从25%提高到35%时；当日粮脂质水平从5%提高到12%时；以及当环境温度从23摄氏度提高到28摄氏度时，蛋白质转化率（摄入蛋白质：增重蛋白质）得到改善。
