Denham S A
Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22032.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1993 Jul;34(5):715-28. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1993.tb01066.x.
This study investigated, via extended naturalistic observation: (a) how mothers and children responded emotionally to each other's emotional displays; and (b) whether ratings of the child's social-emotional competence (made when the mother was absent) could be predicted by specific maternal responses to the child's emotions. Subjects were 28 mother-toddler pairs. Sequential analyses suggested that emotional dialogue does exist between mothers and children: certain emotional responses of mothers and children occurred more often than expected by their base rate during interaction. Maternal responsiveness to child sadness, anger, fear and neutrality predicted dimensions of children's social-emotional competence. Implications regarding the mother-child affective environment, socialization of emotion and social competency, and developmental methodology are discussed.
（a）母亲和孩子如何对彼此的情绪表达做出情感反应；（b）母亲对孩子情绪的特定反应是否能够预测（在母亲不在场时做出的）孩子社会情感能力的评分。研究对象为28对母婴。序列分析表明，母亲和孩子之间确实存在情感对话：在互动过程中，母亲和孩子的某些情感反应出现的频率高于其基础概率预期。母亲对孩子悲伤、愤怒、恐惧和中性情绪的反应能够预测孩子社会情感能力的维度。文中还讨论了有关母婴情感环境、情感社会化与社会能力以及发展方法论的相关启示。
