The quest for better recovery from peripheral nerve injury: current status of nerve regeneration research.

The author reviews relevant nerve regeneration research in the past half-century to give the reader familiarity with the background of current research efforts. Recent research has been aided by newer knowledge of the biology of nerve regeneration. Early efforts to improve nerve regeneration centered on improvements in technical or surgical repairs, with only modest gains. Although current technical improvements with lasers or fibrin glue to repair nerves may show promise, the approach of deMedinaceli et al. combines several new ideas with some improvement experimentally. With the discovery of nerve growth factors and a host of newer nerve growth promoting factors, the biochemical arena has explored. Special tubes to repair nerves enable easy manipulation of the environment to study the effects of various factors on nerve regeneration. Silastic and bioresorbable tubes show the most promise to enhance nerve regeneration by tubulization. Because of the explosion of knowledge and high levels of activity of research, it is apparent that further improvements of nerve regeneration are on the horizon.