Sommer C, Grønvold J, Holter P, Nansen P
Institute of Population Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Vet Parasitol. 1993 Jun;48(1-4):171-9. doi: 10.1016/0304-4017(93)90153-e.
Subcutaneous injection of 0.2 mg kg-1 ivermectin to heifers negatively affected larvae of the afrotropical dung beetles, Diastellopalpus quinquedens and Onthophagus gazella, developing in the dung. Although closely related, the two species seem to differ in susceptibility; 28% of brood masses made of dung voided 2 days after treatment contained third instar D. quinquedens, whereas O. gazella died as first instars in dung voided up to 8 days after treatment. Folding of the head capsules and lack of mandibular wear in the dead O. gazella larvae suggest that ivermectin could be absorbed through the integument and prevent normal feeding and distension of the head capsule. In addition, the surviving third instar O. gazella in dung voided 16 days after treatment had significantly reduced clypeal and mandibular widths. The dung burial activity, mainly by D. quinquedens, estimated in a field experiment was not affected by ivermectin residues in the dung.
给小母牛皮下注射0.2毫克/千克的伊维菌素，对在牛粪中发育的非洲热带蜣螂Diastellopalpus quinquedens和Onthophagus gazella的幼虫产生了负面影响。尽管这两个物种亲缘关系密切，但它们的易感性似乎有所不同；处理后2天排出的牛粪中形成的育雏团块，有28%含有三龄期的D. quinquedens，而O. gazella在处理后长达8天排出的牛粪中以一龄幼虫死亡。死亡的O. gazella幼虫头部胶囊折叠且下颚无磨损，这表明伊维菌素可能通过体表吸收，从而阻止正常进食和头部胶囊扩张。此外，在处理后16天排出的牛粪中存活的三龄期O. gazella，其唇基和下颚宽度显著减小。在田间试验中估计，主要由D. quinquedens进行的牛粪掩埋活动不受牛粪中伊维菌素残留的影响。
