Iwasa M, Maruo T, Ueda M, Yamashita N
Laboratory of Entomology, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan.
Bull Entomol Res. 2007 Dec;97(6):619-25. doi: 10.1017/S0007485307005329.
Effects of the antiparasitic drug, ivermectin, on the dung beetles, Caccobius jessoensis Harold, 1867 and the rare species, Copris ochus Motschulsky, 1860 and Copris acutidens Motschulsky, 1860 were studied in laboratory and field experiments in Hokkaido, Japan. Ivermectin was detected in dung from 1 to 21 or 28 days following treatment, with a peak on the first day after treatment in two pour-on administrations (500 microg kg(-1)), although there were considerable differences between the two peaks. In C. jessoensis, brood balls constructed by the female were not reduced in the dung of treated cattle except for seven days after treatment in experiment 2. Also, there was no significant difference in the mean weight of brood balls between dung from treated and control cattle. However, the emergence rates were significantly reduced in dung 1-3 days after treatment. In the field study, brood balls constructed by C. jessoensis were more abundant in dung from treated cattle in experiment 1, but adult emergence was significantly reduced at one and seven days after treatments. Adult mortality of C. ochus Motschulsky at 90 days after the beginning of rearing was 11.1% in dung from control cattle with 22 brood balls constructed, whereas it was 84% in dung from treated cattle with no brood balls and/or ovipositioning. Also, in C. acutidens Motschulsky, adult mortality at 90 days after the beginning of rearing was 3.6% in dung from control cattle with 13 brood balls constructed, whereas it was 94.1% in dung from treated cattle with no brood balls or ovipositioning. The environmental risk in the use of ivermectin during breeding period of dung beetles in pasture is discussed.
在日本北海道进行的实验室和田间实验中，研究了抗寄生虫药物伊维菌素对粪金龟Caccobius jessoensis Harold（1867年）以及珍稀物种Copris ochus Motschulsky（1860年）和Copris acutidens Motschulsky（1860年）的影响。在两次浇泼给药（500微克/千克）后，处理后的1至21天或28天内，粪便中均检测到伊维菌素，在处理后的第一天出现峰值，尽管两个峰值之间存在显著差异。在C. jessoensis中，除实验2中处理后七天外，雌性构建的育卵球在处理过的牛的粪便中并未减少。此外，处理过的牛和对照牛的粪便中育卵球的平均重量没有显著差异。然而，处理后1至3天粪便中的羽化率显著降低。在田间研究中，实验1中处理过的牛的粪便中，C. jessoensis构建的育卵球更为丰富，但处理后1天和7天成虫羽化率显著降低。饲养开始90天后，对照牛粪便中有22个育卵球构建，Copris ochus Motschulsky的成虫死亡率为11.1%，而处理过的牛的粪便中没有育卵球和/或产卵，其成虫死亡率为84%。同样，在Copris acutidens Motschulsky中，饲养开始90天后，对照牛粪便中有13个育卵球构建，成虫死亡率为3.6%，而处理过的牛的粪便中没有育卵球或产卵，其成虫死亡率为94.1%。文中讨论了在牧场粪金龟繁殖期使用伊维菌素的环境风险。
