Aho W R
Public Health Rep. 1977 Jan-Feb;92(1):65-71.
Selected by area probability sampling, 199 wives residing in the city and county of Lebanon, Pennsylvania, were interviewed about their attitudes, opinions, beliefs, and behavior in respect to the role that wives can play in helping to prevent heart disease in husbands. After the "Don't know" respondents were eliminated, the remaining respondents were categorized into a continuum of low, medium, and high levels of preventive health orientation, according to how much of a role they believed wives could play in the prevention of heart disease in husbands. The orientations were then cross-tabulated with several variables in a health belief model (initially formulated by G. M. Hochbaum and associates and discussed in a monograph edited by M. H. Becker) and also with several sociodemographic variables. A substantial majority of the 187 wives expressed beliefs that wives could play some or very much of a role in preventing heart disease in husbands, that treatment for heart disease was effective, and that the disease was preventable. The majority indicated that they had not worried about their husbands getting heart disease. Magazines and television had been their main sources of information about the condition. Emphasis was placed on the wives who ranked low on the preventive health orientation continuum, since it is people like these who are of most concern to health educators and health care providers. Compared with the medium-ranked and high-ranked respondents, fewer of the low-ranked group (a) had ever suggested any health-related behavior to their husbands, (b) felt that their husbands were very susceptible to heart disease, or (c) believed that treatment was very effective. The majority of wives in the low group nevertheless considered heart disease to be a serious condition that would reduce a person's chances of living a normal life. With chi-square as a measure of statistical significance and Cramer's V as a measure of the strength of relationships, statistically significant support was found for the relationships between the wives' preventive health orientation and their perceptions of (a) the seriousness of heart disease, (b) their husband's susceptibility to it, (c) the effectiveness of treatment, and (d) the disease's preventability (all variables in the health belief model), as well as between the orientation and place of residence, years of education, and both the respondent's and husband's age. The relationships, however, were not very strong.
通过区域概率抽样，选取了居住在宾夕法尼亚州黎巴嫩市县的199名妻子，就妻子在帮助预防丈夫心脏病方面可以发挥的作用，对她们的态度、观点、信念和行为进行了访谈。在剔除了回答“不知道”的受访者后，根据其余受访者认为妻子在预防丈夫心脏病方面能发挥作用的程度，将她们分为低、中、高三个预防健康导向水平的连续区间。然后，这些导向水平与健康信念模型（最初由G.M.霍克鲍姆等人提出，并在M.H.贝克尔编辑的一本专著中进行了讨论）中的几个变量以及一些社会人口统计学变量进行了交叉制表。187名妻子中的绝大多数表示，她们认为妻子在预防丈夫心脏病方面可以发挥一定或很大的作用，心脏病治疗是有效的，而且这种疾病是可以预防的。大多数人表示，她们并不担心自己的丈夫会患心脏病。杂志和电视是她们了解这种疾病的主要信息来源。重点关注的是在预防健康导向连续区间中排名较低的妻子，因为健康教育工作者和医疗服务提供者最关心的就是这类人。与排名中等和较高的受访者相比，排名较低的群体中较少有人（a）曾向丈夫建议过任何与健康相关的行为，（b）认为自己的丈夫很容易患心脏病，或者（c）认为治疗非常有效。然而，低分组中的大多数妻子仍然认为心脏病是一种严重的疾病，会降低一个人过上正常生活的机会。以卡方检验作为统计显著性的衡量标准，以克莱默V系数作为关系强度的衡量标准，研究发现，妻子的预防健康导向与她们对（a）心脏病的严重性、（b）丈夫患心脏病的易感性、（c）治疗的有效性以及（d）疾病的可预防性（健康信念模型中的所有变量）的认知之间，以及与居住地点、受教育年限以及受访者和丈夫的年龄之间，存在具有统计学意义的支持关系。然而，这些关系并不是很强。
